Ecological zoning from the perspective of ecosystem service supply and demand in the Chishui River Basin

Ecosystem services works as key bridge connecting natural ecosystems and socio-economic systems, and are of great significance to sustainable development as well as gain of human well-being. Research on the zoning for ecological protection and restoration from the balance of ecosystem services supply and demand is an essential prerequisite for compiling targeted ecological protection and restoration strategies and coordinating inter-regional development in the new era. We here selected Chishui River Basin as the study area with the evaluation unit down to the level of streets or towns. Changes of ecosystem service supply and demand between 2010 and 2020 years were calculated. The total of 409 evaluation units were divided into four types including high-order coupling, high-order disorder, low-order disorder and low-order coupling based on the degree of coupling and coordination. Together with changes in supply and demand, we here proposed the differentiated ecological protection and restoration zoning strategies for the Chishui River Basin including ecological conservation type, key restoration type, ecological connectivity type and value transformation type. The finding is expected to provide a scientific basis for the integrated ecological protection and restoration.