Abstract: The fluorite deposit exists in the clastic rocks of the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in the Anzhaiping area of Leibo County, southwest Sichuan Province. The mineralization of fluorite is controlled by the Ebian-Jinyang Fault, which is in the near north-south trend, and occurs in the structural fissure in the form of veins. Based on the geological survey results of the fluorite, research was conducted on the rare earth element and fluid inclusions, and discussed the ore-forming fluid, mineralization process and metallogenic model of the fluorite. The results show indicate that the very low total content of rare earth elements, convex feature of the slightly right-leaning pattern of rare earth elements and moderately rare earth enrichment, and with positive Eu anomaly (δEu mean 1.77) and negative Ce anomaly (δCe mean 0.83). Further combined with the Tb/Ca-Tb/La and Y/Ho-La/Ho diagrams, it is considered that the fluorite is of hydrothermal origin and hot brine type. The ore-forming fluid originates from the same fluid system with a high oxygen fugacity and open system environment for the ore-forming processes. The types of fluid inclusions are mainly liquid-rich biphase inclusions with homogenization temperature of 80.6~209.1℃ and salinity of 2.1%~21.4%NaCl_eqv, which reflecting the ore-forming fluid belongs to the medium-low temperature and low salinity NaCl-H₂O system. The water-rock reaction between ore-forming hydrothermal fluid and surrounding rock is mainly to promote the accumulation of ore-forming elements F and Ca, while the mechanism of precipitation is the fluid miscible and fluid cooling of formation brine and meteoric water. The hot brine and meteoric water extracted the Ca and F ore-forming elements from the strata and enriched them in the ore-forming hydrothermal system. The tectonic and stratigraphic pressure gradient caused the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid to migrate to the favorable ore-bearing fissure along the fault, which was blocked by the closed cover of the fine grained clastic rocks of the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi formation and precipitated with the change of ore-forming environmental conditions to form a vein fluorite deposit. The ore-forming type belongs to the medium to low temperature hydrothermal fissure filling type fluorite deposit.