Abstract: In order to improve the ecological environment of arbor in the eastern part of Xinjiang and improve the utilization value of arbor resources, this paper takes 2000-2020 as the research period, and uses the maximum entropy model to study the influence of 32 environmental variables related to climate ( temperature, precipitation ), topography, hydrology, soil, geology and surface matrix characteristics on the suitability of arbor in Xinjiang. On the basis of calculating the high suitable area of arbor forests, three ecosystem services of water yield, soil conservation and NPP were selected to evaluate and study the trade-off and synergy relationship. The results showed that : (1) The growth status of trees in the study area was good, and the overall suitability of forest land was at a better level. The order of each grade according to the proportion of area was : high suitability arbor forest land ( 49.47 % ) > low suitability arbor forest land ( 36.96 % ) > unsuitable arbor forest land ( 13.57 % ). The high suitability is mainly concentrated in the high altitude area of Altay Mountains in the north, the high altitude area of Tianshan Mountains in the south, and the vicinity of Irtysh River and Ulungur River. (2)Ecosystem services showed significant spatial differences in eastern Xinjiang. The water yield, soil conservation and NPP have similar characteristics in spatial distribution. Affected by the differences in water sources and topography in the eastern part of Xinjiang, the average water yield in the eastern part of Xinjiang from 2000 to 2020 is generally low, and the spatial distribution characteristics of high water yield areas are concentrated in the northwest. The spatial distribution pattern of soil conservation and NPP showed a high-low-high distribution from north to south. (3)Ecosystem services in the study area have significant correlation and aggregation effects. The global Moran 's I index of each ecosystem service is greater than 0, and the spatial positive autocorrelation is strong. The Moran 's I scatter is mainly in the first quadrant, with high-high value and low-high value aggregation effects. From the results of local spatial autocorrelation, the study area is mainly high-high and low-high aggregation, low-low and high-low aggregation is rare or non-existent. The spatial aggregation distribution pattern of each ecosystem service is more complex, with high-high aggregation and low-high aggregation staggered distribution. (4) The relationship between the three ecosystem services in the study area was basically stable during the study period. The service functions of water yield, soil conservation and NPP were mainly based on synergy, but in terms of spatial performance, the trade-off synergy showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. The trade-offs and synergies between the various ecosystem services are similar, showing a synergistic relationship in the whole region. The trade-offs and synergies are staggered, and the trade-offs and synergies are interspersed in the northern Irtysh River and the Ulungur River area and the Altai Mountains and the southern Turpan Basin. The research results can provide scientific support for the utilization of land resources in eastern Xinjiang and provide reference and suggestions for the development and utilization of forest land resources.